Simulation of heat-affected zone at rails welding with use of SICO test

Tato diplomová práce se zabývá fyzikálním simulováním vývoje tepelně ovlivněné oblasti (HAZ) pomocí modifikovaného SICO testu tvařitelnosti, coby simulací tepelně-deformačního cyklu se snahou rozšířit aplikační možnosti testu na plastometru Gleeble a přiblížit se provozním podmínkám vývoje HAZ při stykovém svařování kolejnic typu 136 RE třídy oceli IH. Ve svařovně probíhalo experimentální svařování tří taveb kolejnic, ze kterých byly zaznamenány technologické parametry. Ty posloužily jako vstupní data k naprogramování průběhů zmíněných veličin pro plastometr Gleeble 3800. S předem zvoleným teplotním cyklem s 20 příhřevy během ochlazování byly realizovány simulace svařování s dvěma režimy stlačení na 32 vzorcích, které se od sebe navíc lišily místem odběru z průřezu kolejnice. Prokázalo se, že modifikací SICO testu je možné docílit simulace vývoje HAZ při stykovém svařování. Na základě metalografické analýzy tří zkoušených taveb se neprokázalo, že na zkřehávající složky má vliv chemické složení či teplotně-deformační režim, ale normativně přípustný způsob rozložení segregací v jednotlivých kolejnicích.This thesis deals with physical simulation of progression of heat-affected zone using modified SICO formability test as a simulation of the thermal-deformation cycle, trying to extend application options of test on Gleeble simulator and approach the operating conditions of HAZ at the upset welding process with 136 RE class IH rail. At the welding plant there was implemented experimental welding of three rail fuses from which technological parameters were recorded. These were used as input data to program the waveforms for the Gleeble. With a pre-selected temperature cycle with 20-heatings during cooling, two-mode deformation welding simulations were performed on 32 samples that differed from each other in the cross-sectional area of the rail. The modified SICO test has proven to manage HAZ simulation at upset welding process. Based on the metallographic analysis, it has not been proven that the chemical composition or temperature-deformation regime affects the brittle areas, but the normative way of distributing segregations in individual rails.633 - Katedra tváření materiáluvýborn

Automated analysis of atrial late gadolinium enhancement imaging that correlates with endocardial voltage and clinical outcomes: A 2-center study

This work was supported by the British Heart Foundation PG/10/37/28347, RG/10/11/28457, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre funding, and the ElectroCardioMaths Programme of the Imperial BHF Centre of Research Excellence

Learning from Heterogeneous Data Sources: An Application in Spatial Proteomics.

Sub-cellular localisation of proteins is an essential post-translational regulatory mechanism that can be assayed using high-throughput mass spectrometry (MS). These MS-based spatial proteomics experiments enable us to pinpoint the sub-cellular distribution of thousands of proteins in a specific system under controlled conditions. Recent advances in high-throughput MS methods have yielded a plethora of experimental spatial proteomics data for the cell biology community. Yet, there are many third-party data sources, such as immunofluorescence microscopy or protein annotations and sequences, which represent a rich and vast source of complementary information. We present a unique transfer learning classification framework that utilises a nearest-neighbour or support vector machine system, to integrate heterogeneous data sources to considerably improve on the quantity and quality of sub-cellular protein assignment. We demonstrate the utility of our algorithms through evaluation of five experimental datasets, from four different species in conjunction with four different auxiliary data sources to classify proteins to tens of sub-cellular compartments with high generalisation accuracy. We further apply the method to an experiment on pluripotent mouse embryonic stem cells to classify a set of previously unknown proteins, and validate our findings against a recent high resolution map of the mouse stem cell proteome. The methodology is distributed as part of the open-source Bioconductor pRoloc suite for spatial proteomics data analysis.LMB was supported by a BBSRC Tools and Resources Development Fund (Award BB/K00137X/1) and a Wellcome Trust Technology Development Grant (108441/Z/15/Z). LG was supported by the European Union 7th Framework Program (PRIME-XS project, grant agreement number 262067) and a BBSRC Strategic Longer and Larger Award (Award BB/L002817/1). DW and OK acknowledge funding from the European Union (PRIME-XS, GA 262067) and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (KO-2313/6-1).This is the final version of the article. It first appeared from PLOS via https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.100492

: Final report

63 p.Interest in cities is growing again in Europe. Theories of "growth poles" forgotten since the 1960s re-emerge, although in different form, without the idea of building new cities in the desert. Metropolitanisation, although sometimes difficult to grasp empirically, is recognized as a post-fordist phenomena, with a gain of the importance of large cities, linked to the increasing need for size-based agglomeration effect in the global, networked knowledge economy. And European policy makers are once again discussing the need of and the form for new urban policies at European (as witnessed by the above quote), but also at national scale. From the outset, this project has had two, complementary, but not always easily reconcilable orientations: provide a broad overview of the current and future issues relevant to urban development in all of Europe, advance scientifically beyond the established and well-known data and analyses, provide innovative research. As this report was elaborated in parallel to the new State of European Cities report to be published by DG Regio, we also aimed at complementarity with that report, not wanting to repeat the same analyses based on the same data. In this project, we, therefore, worked in three parallel strands. First, all teams went through the current literature to extract the knowledge about trends, perspectives and, most importantly, driving forces for urban development in their thematic fields. Second, each of the teams focused on one or two innovative empirical research questions, generally tapping new data sources. Finally, our scenario team has taken the work of the other teams, and substantially augmented it through additional literature review, aiming at covering an even larger horizon and to provide a complete knowledge base on urban development, necessary for integrated prospective thinking. On this basis the scenarios were developed. The structure of the report reflects these three strands, adding a fourth, new strand, which consists in an assessment of the current national policy visions on urban issues across Europe. Details of all the literature reviews and analyses are presented in the scientific report

: Final report

63 p.Interest in cities is growing again in Europe. Theories of "growth poles" forgotten since the 1960s re-emerge, although in different form, without the idea of building new cities in the desert. Metropolitanisation, although sometimes difficult to grasp empirically, is recognized as a post-fordist phenomena, with a gain of the importance of large cities, linked to the increasing need for size-based agglomeration effect in the global, networked knowledge economy. And European policy makers are once again discussing the need of and the form for new urban policies at European (as witnessed by the above quote), but also at national scale. From the outset, this project has had two, complementary, but not always easily reconcilable orientations: provide a broad overview of the current and future issues relevant to urban development in all of Europe, advance scientifically beyond the established and well-known data and analyses, provide innovative research. As this report was elaborated in parallel to the new State of European Cities report to be published by DG Regio, we also aimed at complementarity with that report, not wanting to repeat the same analyses based on the same data. In this project, we, therefore, worked in three parallel strands. First, all teams went through the current literature to extract the knowledge about trends, perspectives and, most importantly, driving forces for urban development in their thematic fields. Second, each of the teams focused on one or two innovative empirical research questions, generally tapping new data sources. Finally, our scenario team has taken the work of the other teams, and substantially augmented it through additional literature review, aiming at covering an even larger horizon and to provide a complete knowledge base on urban development, necessary for integrated prospective thinking. On this basis the scenarios were developed. The structure of the report reflects these three strands, adding a fourth, new strand, which consists in an assessment of the current national policy visions on urban issues across Europe. Details of all the literature reviews and analyses are presented in the scientific report

Suicidal Behavior and Alcohol Abuse

Suicide is an escalating public health problem, and alcohol use has consistently been implicated in the precipitation of suicidal behavior. Alcohol abuse may lead to suicidality through disinhibition, impulsiveness and impaired judgment, but it may also be used as a means to ease the distress associated with committing an act of suicide. We reviewed evidence of the relationship between alcohol use and suicide through a search of MedLine and PsychInfo electronic databases. Multiple genetically-related intermediate phenotypes might influence the relationship between alcohol and suicide. Psychiatric disorders, including psychosis, mood disorders and anxiety disorders, as well as susceptibility to stress, might increase the risk of suicidal behavior, but may also have reciprocal influences with alcohol drinking patterns. Increased suicide risk may be heralded by social withdrawal, breakdown of social bonds, and social marginalization, which are common outcomes of untreated alcohol abuse and dependence. People with alcohol dependence or depression should be screened for other psychiatric symptoms and for suicidality. Programs for suicide prevention must take into account drinking habits and should reinforce healthy behavioral patterns

Black holes, gravitational waves and fundamental physics: a roadmap

The grand challenges of contemporary fundamental physics—dark matter, dark energy, vacuum energy, inflation and early universe cosmology, singularities and the hierarchy problem—all involve gravity as a key component. And of all gravitational phenomena, black holes stand out in their elegant simplicity, while harbouring some of the most remarkable predictions of General Relativity: event horizons, singularities and ergoregions. The hitherto invisible landscape of the gravitational Universe is being unveiled before our eyes: the historical direct detection of gravitational waves by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration marks the dawn of a new era of scientific exploration. Gravitational-wave astronomy will allow us to test models of black hole formation, growth and evolution, as well as models of gravitational-wave generation and propagation. It will provide evidence for event horizons and ergoregions, test the theory of General Relativity itself, and may reveal the existence of new fundamental fields. The synthesis of these results has the potential to radically reshape our understanding of the cosmos and of the laws of Nature. The purpose of this work is to present a concise, yet comprehensive overview of the state of the art in the relevant fields of research, summarize important open problems, and lay out a roadmap for future progress. This write-up is an initiative taken within the framework of the European Action on 'Black holes, Gravitational waves and Fundamental Physics'

Application of the Surfer software at drafting a 3D map of hot formability

Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá tvorbou prostorových map tvařitelnosti pomocí různých metod v programu Surfer, vycházejících z výsledků zkoušek jednoosým tahem za tepla kolejnicové oceli S60B, prováděných na plastometru Gleeble 3800. Tahové zkoušky byly realizovány v intervalu teplot od 900 až 1400 °C a to při rychlostech tažení 25, 250 a 2000 mm∙s-1. Výsledky zkoušek byly použity pro tvorbu prostorových map tažnosti a pevnosti, jejichž vykreslování se provádělo třemi interpolačními metodami. Na základě daných kritérií se jako ideální jevila metoda Shepard‘s, se kterou byly vytvářeny další mapy a to s různou hodnotou vyhlazovacího činitele. Výsledné prostorové mapy znázorňovaly patrné deformační chování oceli. Se zvyšující se rychlostí tažení značně rostla pevnost vlivem zvýšeného deformačního odporu. Zvyšující se teplota pevnost snižovala, při čemž nad teplotou 1380 °C došlo k přehřátí a spálení materiálu, což se na mapě projevilo nulovou pevností i tažností. Lze také říct, že tažnost se při teplotách nad 1000 °C zvyšovala s rostoucí rychlostí tažení.This bachelor thesis deals with drafting 3D maps of hot formability using different methods in the Surfer software, based on results of uniaxial tensile tests carried on samples of rail steel S60B running on plastometer Gleeble 3800. Tensile tests were carried out in the temperature range from 900 to 1400 ° C and at testing speed range of 25, 250 and 2000 mm∙s-1. The test results were used to generate 3D maps of ductility and strength, which were drafted by three methods. Based on specified criteria, Shepard’s method appeared to be ideal, with which the further maps with varying value of the smoothing factor were generated. The resulting 3D map evidently showed the deformation behavior of steel. With increasing testing speed, strength grew considerably due to increased flow stress. With increasing temperature strength decreased and temperature above 1380 °C steel was overheated and burned, which was reflected on the map by zero strength and ductility. It may be said that the ductility at temperatures above 1000 ° C increased with increasing drawing speed.633 - Katedra tváření materiáluvýborn